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Septic Arthritis in the Arm

In this study, orthopedic surgeons at the University of Southern California (USC) report 52 cases of upper extremity (UE) septic arthritis in adults seen in their clinic over a 10-year period.

Septic arthritis is caused by a bacterial infection. It affects the lower extremities most often. More rarely, the shoulder, elbow, or wrist may be the primary site of infection.

In reviewing all cases, the authors report that men were affected five times more often than women. Staph infection was the most common cause. Treatment was with surgical drainage and irrigation (cleansing) of the joint. Antibiotics were given for three to four weeks.

Studies show that early treatment is best for a good outcome. Chronic pain and persistent loss of motion can occur with a delay in diagnosis. Lab values can be helpful. Joint fluid can be examined for signs of bacteria and infection.

All ages can be affected by septic arthritis. Anyone with shoulder, elbow, or wrist pain should be considered for the possibility of joint infection. Doctors should expect to see more cases of septic arthritis as the American population ages. Patients with other health problems are at greater risk but young and healthy adults can be affected, too.

References: Pamela Mehta, MS, et al. Septic Arthritis of the Shoulder, Elbow, and Wrist. In Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. October 2006. No. 451. Pp.42-45.

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