Most experts agree that surgery is indicated when symptoms persist despite a three-month period of conservative care. Conservative care may include putting the wrist in a neutral or slightly extended position using a splint. Medications such as cortisone injections may also be used.

Physical therapy to stretch the broad band of ligament across the nerve can be done. This is usually followed by exercises for the nerve and tendons passing through the carpal tunnel. These exercises restore the nerve and tendon "glide" necessary for normal movement.

Surgery may be considered if these efforts do not change symptoms and improve function. Tests to measure nerve function called nerve conduction studies are often done to help make this decision. These tests show how well the nerves are working and if there is permanent damage.