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Scheuermann's kyphosis is a forward curvature of the spine. Although any part of the thoracic (middle) and/or lumbar (lower) spine can be affected, the thoracic area is involved most often.
If the curve progresses without treatment, a severe humpback deformity can occur. With proper treatment, this type of cosmetic appearance can be prevented.
The cause of Scheuermann's is still unknown. Many theories have been put forth and studied but without enough proof to support them. Weakness of the cartilage that makes up the vertebral endplate has been suggested as one possible cause. Infection, osteoporosis, and hormone or endocrine disorders have also been proposed.
It's difficult to tell if the bony changes that occur are the cause or the result of this condition. Even with improved technology, insight into the cause of this condition is limited. The changes observed on X-rays and MRIs vary so much from patient to patient.
We do know that the condition develops during a growth spurt. Most often a period of fast growth just before puberty is identified as the onset of Scheuermann's.
Children between the ages of 10 and 14 are affected most often. Boys may have this condition more often than girls but some reports suggest an equal number of boys and girls are affected.
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